Spring Beans 自动装配byType
1. 介绍¶
这种模式由属性类型指定自动装配。Spring 容器看作 beans，在 XML 配置文件中 beans 的 autowire 属性设置为 byType。然后，如果它的 type 恰好与配置文件中 beans 名称中的一个相匹配，它将尝试匹配和连接它的属性。如果找到匹配项，它将注入这些 beans，否则，它将抛出异常。
例如，在配置文件中，如果一个 bean 定义设置为自动装配 byType，并且它包含 address 类型的 address 属性，那么 Spring 就会查找定义名为 address 的 bean，并且用它来设置这个属性。你仍然可以使用
2. byType¶
ioc11.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--spring 自动装配-->
<bean id="address" class="com.cmz.bean.Address">
<property name="province" value="江苏省"></property>
<property name="city" value="宿迁市"></property>
<property name="town" value="来龙镇"></property>
</bean>
<!--在spring中,可以使用自动装配的功能,spring会把某些bean注入到另一个bean中-->
<bean id="nperson" class="com.cmz.bean.Nperson" autowire="byType">
<property name="id" value="1"></property>
<property name="name" value="summer"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
MyTest11_byType.class
import com.cmz.bean.Nperson;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* @author summer
* @create 2020-02-22 23:45
*/
public class MyTest10_byName {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ioc11.xml");
Nperson nperson = context.getBean("nperson", Nperson.class);
System.out.println(nperson);
}
}
运行
Person{id=1, name='summer', age=null, gender='null', date=null, hobbies=null, address=Address{province='江苏省', city='宿迁市', town='来龙镇'}, lists=[Address{province='江苏省', city='宿迁市', town='来龙镇'}], sets=null, maps={address=Address{province='江苏省', city='宿迁市', town='来龙镇'}, environment=StandardEnvironment {activeProfiles=[], defaultProfiles=[default], propertySources=[PropertiesPropertySource {name='systemProperties'}, SystemEnvironmentPropertySource {name='systemEnvironment'}]}, systemProperties={java.runtime.name=Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment, sun.boot.library.path=C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_141\jre\bin, java.vm.version=25.141-b15, java.vm.vendor=Oracle Corporation, java.vendor.url=http://java.oracle.com/, path.separator=;, java.vm.name=Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM, file.encoding.pkg=sun.io, user.country=CN, user.script=, sun.java.launcher=SUN_STANDARD, sun.os.patch.level=, java.vm.specification.name=Java Virtual Machine Specification, user.dir=D:\code\code-java\basic_java\spring_study2, java.runtime.version=1.8.0_141-b15, java.awt.graphicsenv=sun.awt.Win32GraphicsEnvironment, java.endorsed.dirs=C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_141\jre\lib\endorsed, os.arch=amd64, java.io.tmpdir=C:\Users\cmz\AppData\Local\Temp\, line.separator=
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虽然我没有在nperson的bean中写address的property，但是spring会根据byName自动去找当前xml中符合address的。